For example, the dominant genes for tallness in a pea plant are written as TT and recessive genes as tt.

Dominant characters are described using capital letters and recessive using small letters.

When both the alleles are different, they are called as heterozygous.

When the two alleles are the same, they are called homozygous.

The genes that are passed from the parents to the offsprings exist in pairs.

Learn more about Linkage and Recombination here in detail Conclusions

The characters that appear in the F1 generation are called dominant traits and those that appear for the first time in the F2 generation are called recessive traits.Mendel observed that in the F1 generation, the characters of only one parent appeared whereas, in the F2 generation, the characters of the other parent also appeared.

Similar results were found when Mendel studied other characters.In the F2 generation, Mendel observed that 3 of the offsprings were tall whereas 1 was dwarf.In the F1 generation, Mendel observed that all plants were tall.Let us look at the results of Mendel’s experiments on crossing a pure tall pea plant with a pure short pea plant. Understand the concept of Genetics here in detail. Browse more Topics under Principles Of Inheritance And Variations The F1 generations were then self-pollinated which gave rise to the F2 generation of second filial generation. He cross-pollinated two pure lines for contrasting characters and the resultant offsprings were called F1 generation(also called the first filial generation). He began his experiments using purebred lines for contrasting characters. Mendel structured his experiments in a way that he would observe one pair of contrasting characters at one time.

Introduction to genetic principles pdf